World Chess Championship 1921

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World Chess Championship 1921 was held in Havana, Cuba, between reigning champion Emanuel Lasker (Germany) and challenger José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba). The match was scheduled for 24 games but followed a first-to-six-wins format, with draws not counting. After 14 games, Lasker resigned, making Capablanca the ★3rd Official World Chess Champion★.

World Chess Championship 1921, José Raúl Capablanca, Emanuel Lasker

📷 Capablanca and Lasker in Moscow, 1925
Unknown author: Public domain (1925) via Wikimedia Commons

Winner/Challenger: José Raúl Capablanca

Born: 1888, Havana, Cuba
Died: 1942, New York City, United States

Capablanca, the Cuban prodigy, had become a global sensation after defeating Frank Marshall in 1909. Known for his intuitive style, flawless technique, and unparalleled endgame skill, he quickly emerged as Lasker’s natural successor. His win at St. Petersburg 1914 confirmed his standing as a contender. World War I and prolonged negotiations delayed the title match for years. In 1920, Lasker named Capablanca his successor, but Capablanca insisted on playing. In the 1921 match, his stamina, calm, and positional clarity proved decisive.

His victory ushered in a new era of scientific chess, influencing players like Botvinnik, Karpov, and Fischer.

“Lasker’s tenacity and resourcefulness in defense made him the greatest champion. It was an honor to challenge him.” — José Raúl Capablanca

Reigning Champion: Emanuel Lasker

Born: 1868, Berlinchen, Germany
Died: 1941, New York City, United States

Lasker held the title for a record-breaking 27 years (1894–1921). A mathematician and philosopher, he was famous for introducing psychological strategy into chess and adapting to opponents’ weaknesses. He defended his title successfully several times but delayed the match with Capablanca for nearly a decade. In 1920, he resigned the title, naming Capablanca as champion; however, public and professional opinion favored a contested match. Though past his prime, Lasker remained a formidable force and later won the New York 1924 super-tournament, ahead of Capablanca and Alekhine.

“I have known many chess players, but only one chess genius—Capablanca.” – Emanuel Lasker

Match Overview

🗓️ Match Dates: March 15 – April 28, 1921
📍 Location: Havana, Cuba
✅ Format: First to win six games (draws not counted)
⏱️ Time Control: 30 moves in 2 hours, then 15 moves per hour
💰 Prize Fund: $11,000 USD, with guaranteed fees for both players (sponsored by the Havana Chess Club and Cuban government)
📄 Main Sponsors: Havana Chess Club, Cuban government, local press

Historical and Cultural Context

This match symbolized a generational shift in chess. It marked the end of the long Lasker era and launched the global reputation of Capablanca. Held in Cuba, the event brought prestige to the country and elevated Capablanca as a national hero. The match received wide international coverage, particularly in Europe and North America, contributing to the globalization of chess.